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| Title: |
An Assessment of Correlations Between Laboratory and Full-Scale Experiments for the FAA Aircraft Fire Safety Program Part 1: Smoke |
| Author: |
U.S. Department of Transportation |
| Abstract: |
An extensive review is presented demonstrating the nature of comparison between full-scale smoke data and test method results for materials. These correlations are presented in terms of consistent parameters established through a development of the governing equations for smoke concentration and light attenuation. Visibility data pertaining to light transmission through smoke is presented but no general results exist on the sensory irritant effect of smoke on vision. Analysis shows the complex dependence of smoke production on many parameters acting in fire growth and shows the futility and nature of simple correlation attempts. Recommendations are made for further research to establish a sounder basis for correlations, and a practical strategy is suggested for proceeding in the present. |
| Report: |
FSR-0139 |
Pages: |
52 |
Size: |
1.84 MB |
| Title: |
Application of Thermochemical Modeling to Aircraft Interior Polymetric Materials |
| Author: |
Won Dokko, Kumar Ramonhalli |
| Abstract: |
This report summarizes the results from a twelve-month study of the feasibility of applying certain basic concepts in thermochemical modeling to aircraft cabin fire safety. The concepts developed earlier on a NASA-sponsored program were applied to six specific tasks dealing with the thermochemical performance of interior carpets and seat cushions. The specific objective was to predict the burning rate as a function of the material property values, geometry and heat flux, more important, it was the aim to predict and provide rational for certain special features that have been experimentally observed by the FAA. It was also the specific objective to introduce new concepts that have been the subject of pursuit at other centers. That is, the novel concepts developed at JPL were highlighted. Three fundamental hypotheses were introduced: the condensed phase degradation of the polymeric material is the overall rate-limiting step; the extent of degradation at the vaporization step (at the surface) is not arbitrary but has to be specified by a scientific criterion such as the vapor pressure equilibrium criterion; and the diffusion/mixing of the pyrolysis is products with the oxidizer (air) is the rate limiting step in the vapor phase combustion. The results indicate that the condensed-phase reaction as the rate-limiting step is correct, that the thermochemical performance can be predicted using the ingredient properties only, and that a certain theoretical result predicted by this model is in qualitative agreement with experimental observations. Fro example, it is predicted that a typical carpet cannot burn under its own flame but needs augmentation by an external radiation source for sustained burning, and was observed experimentally. |
| Report: |
DOT/FAA/CT-82/83 |
Pages: |
40 |
Size: |
3.25 MB |
| Title: |
Dayton Aircraft Cabin Fire Model, Version 3, Volume I - Physical Description |
| Author: |
Charles D. MacArthur |
| Abstract: |
Version 3 of the Dayton Aircraft Cabin Fire Model (DACFIR).has been created as a refinement and generalization of earlier mathematical models for the computer simulation of fire growth in the cabin of a commercial transport airplane. The model uses data from laboratory tests on the cabin furnishing materials and a zone (control volume) representation of the cabin atmosphere to predict the accumulation of heat, smoke, and gases resulting from arbitrary ignition sources specified in the program input. The major improvements included in Version 3 are a revised cabin
"atmosphere model which allows for multiple compartments and the prescribed entry of exterior fire gases, and an implicit numerical integration technique for the atmosphere equations. Volume I of this report contains a full description of the model's predictions to the results of three full-scale cabin fire tests. Volume II consists of appendices which include a user's guide and listing of the computer code. |
| Report: |
DOT/FAA/CT-81/69-I |
Pages: |
57 |
Size: |
12.5 MB |
| Title: |
Dayton Aircraft Cabin Fire Model, Version 3, Volume I - Physical Description |
| Author: |
Charles D. MacArthur |
| Abstract: |
Version 3 of the Dayton Aircraft Cabin Fire Model (DACFIR)'has been created as a refinement and generalization of earlier mathematical models for the computer simulation of fire growth in the cabin of a commercial transport airplane. The model uses data from laboratory tests on the cabin furnishing materials and a zone (control volume) representation of the cabin atmosphere to predict the accumulation of heat, smoke, and gases resulting from arbitrary ignition sources specified in the program input. The major improvements included in Version 3 are a revised cabin
-atmosphere model which allows for multiple compartments and the prescribed entry of exterior fire gases, and an implicit numerical integration technique for the atmosphere equations. Volume I of this report contains a full description of the model IS predictions to the results of three full-scale cabin fire tests. Volume II consists of appendices which include a userls guide and listing of the computer code. |
| Report: |
DOT/FAA/CT-81/69-I |
Pages: |
57 |
Size: |
12.0 MB |
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