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Cabin & Fire Safety
Reports
| Search Results: |
Records 111 to 114 of 114
| Effect of Element-Wall Thickness on Operation of Continuous Fire-Detector Systems |
| Author: |
Charles A. Hughes |
| Abstract: |
Tests were conducted to study the effect of element-wall thickness on the operation of continuous fire-detector systems. Walker Kidde & Company, Inc., furnished the elements tested, and by Thomas A. Edison, Inc. They included the standard, thin-wall, and the heavy-wall types from both companies, and a double-wall Edison element with the same diameter as the thin-wall element. This double-wall element was claimed to be more rugged than the thin-wall element.
The elements first were placed in an electric furnace and subjected o a slow rate of temperature increase to check the similarity of the temperature resistance characteristics of the core materials between the heavy and thin wall elements, because differences would influence the test results. The elements then were tested by placing them over a standard burner at 1500 degrees and 2000 degrees F, to obtain response and clearing times.
A second series of tests was conducted on an installation of the heavy and thin walled elements placed side by side in an engine bay of a test cell mounted F-89 airplane, using controlled test fires during simulated operation of the airplane. The results of the tests indicated that response and clearing times were increased appreciably by use of the heavy wall elements and that these elements did not meet the requirements of SAE Specifications AS-401A, Section 7.1 (Response Time). For the Edison Double-wall element, response and clearing times at 1500 degrees F flame temperature were not appreciably different from those of the thin-wall elements. At 2000 degrees F, however, the response and clearing times of the double-wall element were somewhat longer than for the thin-wall elements. The double-wall element met the specification requirements for response times only when calibrated for ambient temperatures below 450 degrees F. |
| Report: |
Tech. Dev. Report 280 |
Pages: |
17 |
Size: |
984 KB |
| Fire-Resistance Studies of the Convair-340 Power Plant |
| Author: |
L. A. Asadourian |
| Abstract: |
During the period that fire-detection and extinguishing tests of the CV-340 power plant were in progress, the installation was also studied with respect to its fire resistance. Air flow and leakage in the power and accessory sections were studied with the aid of a dye introduced into the air stream upwind of the nacelle under simulated flight conditions. The dye technique proved to be a practicable means of detecting loose fits between mating parts. Test fires in the nacelle revealed which materials and components are most likely to fail during a power-plant fire. In many respects, the nacelle was exceedingly well constructed from the standpoint of fire safety. This was due in part to the unique design and to the generous use of stainless steel. However, the sealing materials used between mating surfaces were found to be vulnerable with the result that the confinement of fires was not successful. The destruction of certain seals permitted some fires to extend to the outside of the nacelle, a fact which complicated the extinguishment problem. A change in fabricating materials of one or two items of equipment are recommended. |
| Report: |
Tech. Dev. Report 266 |
Pages: |
8 |
Size: |
873 KB |
| Aircraft Fire Extinguishment Part II - The Effect of Air Flow on Extinguishing Requirements of a Jet Power-Plant Fire Zone |
| Author: |
Charles A. Hughes |
| Abstract: |
Test fires were concluded in the fire zone of a jet powerplant in order to determine the minimum amounts of fire extinguishing agents required for extinguishment under different conditions of air flow through the zone. The tests were conducted with four extinguishing agents which were discharged through conventional and experimental systems; first, with the zone in its original condition, and later, with a lining in the lower portion of the fire zone to provide a smoother flow of air.
Results indicate that the rate of airflow influenced the amount of extinguishing agent required for extinguishing of the test fires. With the lining installed, the quantity of fire extinguishing agent required was approximately a linear function of the rate of airflow. Without the lining and at the lower rates of airflow, burning fuel fell to the bottom of the nacelle and collected between the structural members or ribs. This resulted in increased extinguishing agent requirements. The results also indicate the effectiveness of each of the four extinguishing agents tested and provide a comparison between the two systems. |
| Report: |
Tech. Dev. Report 205 |
Pages: |
11 |
Size: |
818 KB |
| Ignition and Fire Suppression in Aerospace Vehicles (Phase II) |
| Author: |
Ralph J. Cato, George H. Martindill, & Joseph M. Kuchta |
| Abstract: |
The effectiveness of Halons 1301 (CF3Br), 1202 (CF2Br2), and 1211 (CF2C1Br) as possible explosion suppressants for aircraft fuel tanks was investigated in ignitions with small charges of an IM-11 incendiary powder (Ba(NO3)2Mg-A1) and 30-caliber incendiary ammunition. Ignitions with the incendiary powder in a 74-gallon fuel tank indicated that over 8 volume percent Halon 1301 is required to completely quench flame propagations of near-stoichimetric n-pentane mixtures and limit the pressure rises to less than 5 psi; these high Halon concentrations were also required under gun firing conditions using the 30-caliber ammunition. The critical Halon requirements for quenching the incendiary ignitions of n-pentane-air mixtures did not differ greatly for the three Halons investigated in this work.
Other experiments were conducted in a 216 ft chamber to evaluate the effectiveness and toxicity hazard of Halon 3800 (C3F8) in extinguishing Class A fires by the total flooding mode. This agent was less effective and produced a greater toxicity hazard than Halon 1301 (CF3Br) in extinguishing cotton sheeting or paper sheeting fires. Approximately 10 to 12 volume percent Halon 3800 was required for extinguishing cotton sheeting fires, although incandescent burning was possible after extinguishment in some cases. Product HF concentrations were as high as 2500 ppm, depending upon the extinguishing conditions. Some comparison data are also given from total flooding experiments with liquid nitrogen, which was much less effective than Halon 3800 in extinguishing cotton sheeting fires. |
| Report: |
AFAPL-TR-72-96 |
Pages: |
31 |
Size: |
1.2 MB |
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